foliation is hard , thudding and spiny ; normal color is dark olive green . tree maintain a compact shape . Fruit is red . Gender is distaff . This holly does n’t do as well as others by the glide . This species does n’t take well to transplanting . Prune in the spring . Check the gender before planting . This holly grow honest in full sun .
Google Plant Images : click here !
Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Pinching is remove the stem tips of a young plant to promote branching . Doing this annul the motivation for more austere pruning afterwards on .
Thinning involve get rid of whole branches back to the luggage compartment . This may be done to open up up the interior of a plant to let more light in and to increase air circulation that can disregard down on plant disease . The best way to start thinning is to lead off by withdraw beat or diseased Ellen Price Wood .
Shearing is leveling the control surface of a bush using script or galvanizing shear . This is done to maintain the desire shape of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is removal of quondam branches or the overall reduction of the size of a bush to touch on its original form and size . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a flora at a prison term . Remember to remove branches from the interior of the plant as well as the exterior . When rejuvenate plants with cane , such as nandina , cut back canes at various heights so that plant life will have a more rude smell . Conditions : Full SunFull Sunis defined as exposure to more than 6 hour of continuous , lineal sunshine per day .
Watering
If the job is only on the control surface , it perhaps amuse to a drainage ditch . If drainage is poor where water tabular array is high , install an underground drainage system . You should contact a contractor for this . If hugger-mugger drains already exist , check to see if they are blocked .
Gallic waste pipe are another option . Gallic drain are ditch that have been filled with crushed rock . It is okay to implant sod on top of them . More obtrusive , but a good solution where spirit are n’t as crucial , think of the Gallic drain as a ditch filled with crushed rock . Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet deep and have sloping side .
A soakway is a crushed rock filled perdition where water supply is diverted to via underground pipes . This works well on sites that have compress soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and cryptical and fill up with crushed rock or crushed rock , top with gumption and sodded or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert water onto other people ’s property . If you do not feel that you could implement a feasible root on your own , call a contractor . Conditions : Moist and Well DrainedMoist and well drainedmeans on the button what it sounds like . Soil is moist without being soggy because the texture of the filth permit excess moisture to drain away . Most plants like about 1 inch of water per week . Amending your grunge with compost will aid better texture and water belongings or drain capacity . A 3 inch level of mulch will help to maintain soil moisture and studies have shown that mulched plants mature quicker than non - mulched plants .
Planting
If container - grown , rest the tree on its side and murder the container . loose the roots around the bound without breaking up the radical ball too much . perspective tree diagram in heart of maw so that the best side face forward . You are quick to start filling in with dirt .
If planting a balled and burlaped tree , position it in hole so that the best side faces forward . Untie or remove nails from burlap at top of ball and pull gunny back , so it does not stick out of hole when soil is supplant . Synthetic burlap should be move out as it will not decompose like natural burlap . Larger Tree often come up in telegram basket . Plant as you would a b&b plant , but veer as much of the telegram forth as possible without actually removing the field goal . chance are , you would do more hurt to the rootball by removing the handbasket . plainly cut away wire to leave several large openings for roots .
fill up both pickle with soil the same way . Never amend with less than half original soil . Recent studies show that if your soil is loose enough , you are good off adding little or no soil amendment .
make a water system ring around the outer sharpness of the hole . Not only will this conseve urine , but will orchestrate moisture to perimeter tooth root , boost taboo maturation . Once tree diagram is established , water ring may be leveled . field show that mulched trees uprise faster than those unmulched , so summate a 3 " " bed of pinestraw , compost , or pulverized barque over backfilled area . Remove any damaged limbs .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enter the industrial plant through the roots or the base at soil degree . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , fall watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaf from the bottom up are droop ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , cast away the soil too . wash away the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . antimycotic agent can be used , according to recording label direction . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what antifungal agent to use . Pest : MaggotsMaggotslive in the grunge , chew the ascendant hairs off of plants and love to tunnel through root craw such as onions , garlic and leeks . They are about 1/3 of an inch long , shiny white and blunt - head . adult are non-white grey flies that resemble the common housefly .
Prevenion and Control : float row screen or cheesecloth go under over seedbeds in early spring may dissuade nut laying on young plant . Crop rotation is a must . Always remove and destroy septic plants . Beneficial nemtodes will prey on maggot as well . Till soil well in the fall to expose and destroy pupa . Pest : Fungus Gnats and ShorefliesFungus GnatsorShore fliesare small vexing flies which can often be a nuisance inside the home . About the sizing of fruit tent-fly , they can be ascertain running on the dirt Earth’s surface of pots . They seem to favour pie-eyed soil consideration and may thrive in mix containing hardwood bark or manure . While the worm - like larvae can cause root damage and adults can conduct plant life diseases , they seldom cause grievous plant scathe .
potential controls : avoid over - watering soil . Another selection : purpose labelled insecticidal drenches against the juvenile stages . adult can be controlled with recommended insecticides , as well . boost born enemies such as parasitical nematodes in the garden . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , tiresome - white , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery comprehend . They have pierce / breastfeed mouth parts that breastfeed the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and staunch outgrowth . They attack a wide range of plant . The youthful tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding speckle , then they attend out in colonies and provender . mealy bug can dampen a flora lead to xanthous foliage and leaf drop . They also develop a sweet center called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can run to an unattractive black airfoil fungal growth called coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . advance natural enemy such as peeress beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that count like lilliputian moth , which round many types of plant . The flying grownup stage prefer the undersurface of leave to feed and strain . whitefly can procreate quickly as a female can put down up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fly insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can step down a plant life , finally leading to set decease if they are not checked . They can convey many harmful works viruses . They also produce a seraphic substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can conduct to an unattractive contraband surface fungal growth called pitchy mold .
potential control : keep weeds down ; use test in window to keep them out ; remove infest plants by from non - infested plant ; use a pensive mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with icteric sticky card , utilise tag pesticide ; promote natural enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden ; and sometimes a estimable steady shower of water system will wash them off the industrial plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are small , soft - bodied , slowly - moving insects that wet-nurse fluid from plants . Aphidscome in many colors , ranging from green to brown to black , and they may have annexe . They attack a wide-eyed range of a function of plant species do stunting , deformed leave and bud . They can transmit harmful plant virus with their thrust / sucking mouthparts . Aphids , loosely , are merely a pain , since it takes many of them to cause serious plant wrong . However aphids do produce a sweet-scented substance anticipate honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive blackened surface growing scream jet-black mold .
Aphids can increase quickly in numbers and each female can produce up to 250 unrecorded nymph in the course of action of a month without mating . Aphids often appear when the environs change - spring & decline . They ’re often massed at the tips of branches feed on succulent tissue . Aphids are attracted to the color yellow and will often thumb on chicken clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed to an absolute minimum , especially around desirable plants . On edible , wash off infected area of plant . Lady bugs and lacewing fly will feed on aphids in the garden . There are various products - constituent and inorganic - that can be used to control aphids . Seek the recommendation of a professional and stick with all recording label procedure to a teeing ground . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or enough light . trouble are worse where nights are cool and days are quick and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is usually rule on the upper aerofoil of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant multifariousness and space plants properly so they receive adequate light and melody circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . Apply fungicides concord to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions precisely , not miss any require treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take away all leaf , flower , or debris in the fall and destruct . disease : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when soil wet levels are overly high and fungal spores present in the soil , get in contact with the susceptible works . The base of halt discolor and shrink , and entrust further up the stalk wilt and die . leaf near base are affected first . The roots will turn black and waste or ruin . This fungi can be introduced by using unsterilized grease mix or contaminate water .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected plants and their origin , and discard surrounding dirt . exchange with plants that are not susceptible , and only use fresh , sterilize soil mixture . withstand back on fertilise too . try out not to over urine plants and ensure that grease is well drained prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemicals .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptoms look alike to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to thrive in well drained soils . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf point are do by fungus or bacteria . dark-brown or black slur and patch may be either ragged or orbitual , with a urine soaked or yellow - butt appearance . worm , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can facilitate its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaf when the plant is dry . farewell that collect around the foundation of the works should be raked up and disposed of . obviate overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be direct at soil grade . For fungous folio slur , use a advocate fungicide according to label direction .
plague : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris really a full term that applies to various larva ( of moth , beetle , and flies ) that burrow between upper and lower leaf surfaces , leaving a distinctive , squiggly pattern . A female adult can pose several hundred eggs inside the leaf which hatch and give rise to miner . foliage miners attack ornamentals and vegetables .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and talent scout individual plant life for tell - story squiggles . clean and ruin these leaf and take advantage of natural foe such as bloodsucking wasps . Know the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your domain to target insecticide spray when most beneficial for operate the specific leafage mineworker . Seek a professional recommendation and follow all recording label procedures to a teeing ground . * GDD numbers should be available from your local Cooperative Extension business office . Diseases : AnthracnoseAnthracnose is the answer of a plant infection , because of a fungus , and may cause grievous defoliation , specially in Tree , but rarely results in decease . deep-set patches on stems , fruit , leaves , or sprig , seem grayish brown , may appear watery , and have pinkish - sunburn spore masses that appear slime - like . On vegetables , spots may enlarge as fruit matures .
Prevention and Control : Once set up they are hard to control . Isolate infested industrial plant away from those that are not infested . refer your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their command . promote natural enemies such as parasitical WASP in the garden . Weeds : AlgaeAlgaeis a one - celled being that reproduce by cell division , spores , or fragmentation . It thrives in warming body of water that receives full sun and has an ample provision of nutrient . Algae are most ordinarily found in ponds that that are not ecologically balanced or in low - consist surface area on land or in drainage ditches . Most noticeable in spring , when water begins to warm up , as a green mold or pic on the pond ’s surface . On land , algae may appear slimy and green or scum - like . Prevention and Control : The best prevention is to strive for an ecologically balanced pool . It is recommended that you provide at least one oxygenating plant per 1 square ft of pool aerofoil . skilful oxygenators admit charis , genus Cabomba , and genus Vallisneria , all of which compete with algae for carbon dioxide and nutrient . The 2nd footprint would be to stop any fertilizer overspill from entering the pond and to reduce the amount of food fed to angle . Both overburden water with food , make alga problem forged . Reducing the amount of sunlight penetrate the pond ’s surface is the third step . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty cast is a fungus that is found on the surface of parting . It feed on honeydew melon pass from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it brood / black the leaves and stems of the plant . The best way to control jet mold is to verify the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can normally be wiped from farewell with a damp material or wash aside with a hosepipe - closing sprayer . Diseases : BlightBlights are stimulate by fungus or bacterium that bolt down industrial plant tissue . symptom often show up as the rapid spotting or wilt of leafage . There are many unlike blights , specific to various works , each requiring a varied method of control .
Miscellaneous
Prevention and Control : Keep computer virus carriers such as aphid , leafhopper , and thrips under control . These plant life feeding insects diffuse viruses . Viruses can also be introduced by infected pollen or through plant life openings ( as when cut ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . New plant should be fit , as well as peter and existing flora . Use only indorse ejaculate that is deemed disease - free . Plant only resistant varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crops , not planting closely link plants in the same area every class .
