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Lovable common names such as wake - robin , whippoorwill heyday , toadshade and sweet Betsy reflect the special position trilliums hold in the heart of nature fan . A member of the lily family , trilliums have plant parts in threes ( hence , the genus name ) and bloom scents like fruit or rotting meat to attract such pollinating insects as gnat .
picture by : J. Paul Moore .
1.TRILLIUM GRANDIFLORUM
Great white trillium is one of the flamboyant and best - known metal money . White petal fade to pink or about red as flowers age , though some bod open pink . Its image extends from the Northeast to the Midwest and as far south as Georgia .
2.TRILLIUM STAMINEUM
One of the most typical and beautiful metal money , perverted wake-robin has spiraled , dismal maroon - royal petals and horizontal sepals surrounding a clutch of purple stamen . blush belated March to mid - May . Its narrow-minded range in the barbaric extends from central Tennessee to the upper Coastal Plain of Alabama and Mississippi , often on limestone outcropping .
3.TRILLIUM LUTEUM
Yellow trillium , with its lance - shaped , light-green to calorie-free yellow petals and declamatory mottled leaves , is one of the most conversant specie . Though many wood lily have yellow frame , which can lead to some confusion , T. luteumhas a distinctive Citrus limon scent . It produces one to two radical per plant , becoming quite impressive over time . Occurs course from North Carolina and North Georgia to East Tennessee and Kentucky in limestone soils . Blooms April to May .
4.TRILLIUM SULCATUM
Named for the sulcate ( gravy holder - shaped ) wind of the petal and sepals , the southerly reddened trillium or rainbow wake - robin occur from West Virginia to Alabama . Typically dark crimson - maroon blossom can also be pinkish , white or yellow , with livid or black middle . Leaves are 8 inches across . Blooms April and May .
5.TRILLIUM SIMILE
A creamy - white flower with a imperial - black pistil makes sweet ashen wood lily one of the showiest . bestow bonuses are a dark-green - orchard apple tree scent and broad , solid unripe foliage . Adaptable , though its distribution is pocket-sized , around the Great Smoky Mountains . bloom April and May .
6.TRILLIUM FLEXIPES
Bent wake-robin straddle from the Great Lakes to Tennessee and Pennsylvania , typically in limestone soils . thick-skulled - petaled whitened bloom pole at a right angle on 5 - inch stalks , with an old - rosiness fragrance . Peduncles can be straight , inclined or refuse beneath the leaves . flower April to early June , depending on locale .
7.TRILLIUM CUNEATUM
A wide-eyed distribution has led to many quaint common names — purple sessile trillium , whippoorwill flower , sweet Betsy and bloody butcher . It can be seen carpet the forest floor in woodwind from Kentucky and Tennessee to the Carolinas and Mississippi . The wide mixed bag of leaf mottling ( silvery green to benighted purple putting surface ) , size ( 6 to 20 column inch ) and flower color ( bronze , red , yellow , light-green or bicolored ) can make this a confusing species to identify . Prefers limestone dirt but is adaptable and even fairly sun - tolerant . Blooms from other March to mid - April .
8.TRILLIUM LANCIFOLIUM
Lanceleaf wood lily has narrow leaf and linear , often curve petals . peak can be maroon , majestic , greenish - tan or bicolored . Not abundant anywhere in its natural range ; pocket occur from Tennessee to Florida . Most often found in alluvial soils . Though easy to grow , it ’s rarely usable . Mottled leaves have a silver blaze down the center . Blooms February to March or April to May , look on area .
9.TRILLIUM RECURVATUM
The prairie wake-robin has strongly reflexed sepals tucked between the folio petioles . Has a all-inclusive range , focus where the Mississippi and Ohio rivers converge . farewell intemperately mottled . Flowers can be maroon , yellow or bicolored , blooming in mid - March to mid - May .
10.TRILLIUM LUDOVICIANUM
Louisiana trillium is almost completely limited to that United States Department of State ( ludoviciana think of Louisiana ) . flower petal can be all majestic but most often are grayish - silver - greenness at the tips . extravagantly marbled leaves are often showier than the efflorescence . Blooms March to April .
11.TRILLIUM DISCOLOR
The natural range of pallid yellow trillium is the upper drainage of the Savannah River . Creamy - sensationalistic blossom can have a spicy odour like sweetshrub ( Calycanthus ) . Blooms mid - April to early May .
GROWING TRILLIUMS
Native to easterly North America , the West Coast and Asia , there are over 40 species , divided into two group : pedunculated ( with flowers on a stalking or cerebral peduncle ) and sessile ( with flower flush against the leaves ) . Trilliums take four to seven year to pass flowering age , which , with unmanageable multiplication , has contribute to plants being dug from the wilderness , putting these wildflowers near the top of the list for conservation .
Appeal:
With elegance and quaint appealingness , trilliums can be insidious standouts , especially with their sleek lines localize amid frothy saltation flowers . Many trilliums have showy maroon - reddened , yellow-bellied or white blooms and attractive dappled leaf .
Zones:
Trilliums are native to zones as high as 9 and as gloomy as 3 . They can often be get out of their instinctive scope between Second Earl of Guilford and south , but the rendering between East and West coasts is less successful . West Coast mintage prefer a mild maritime clime .
Exposure:
As woodland wildflowers , trilliums favour high shade , though some species can take a piffling sun . Protect from bright noonday sun , and ward off westerly exposure . Deeper shade is o.k. in summertime , though the uttermost darkness of evergreens can keep trillium from thriving .
Soil:
For best ontogeny , plant life in copious , loamy or humusy soils with good drain and neutral pH. Some mintage prefer limestone - based soil ; some , acidic soils . They can take ample water when flowering , but opt a dry dormancy time period ( belated summer through winter ) .
Care:
At planting sentence , add leaf mold or constitutional fertilizer . Trilliums do n’t command veritable fertilizing , but can benefit from an program in later winter . Alkaline - soil lovers appreciate a yearly dusting of slaked lime . Despite the deepness of uncivilized rootstalk , most trilliums prefer shallower planting in the garden , 3 or 4 inch down . take away thickset leaf bedding so seedling can take clench . When purchasing trilliums , await for “ nursery - propagated ” one .
DESIGNING WITH TRILLIUMS
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Photos take at the Howe Wildflower Garden at Cheekwood Botanical Garden & Museum of Art in Nashville , Tennessee .
