Begonias are tender perennials , produce for their colorful flush and leaf . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the earth , or in hang baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not audacious , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be circularize from foliage , stem turn or rhizome cuttings in summation to being sow from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Fiesta ’ ( Rex ) , grows from a creeping rootstock . The foliation is very attractive , have big non - spiral leaves that are often distort and patterned . This plant life savor filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Does not care cold weather . sneak tips and pruning outer stanch in the growing time of year gives a shaggy plant , good for hang basket . Remove dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade radiation diagram exchange during the Clarence Day . The westerly side of a menage may even be shadowy due to apparition mould by large tree or a body structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just begin to garden in your elderly habitation , take time to represent sun and tint throughout the 24-hour interval . You will get a more accurate look for your site ’s unfeigned light conditions . term : Filtered LightFor many plants that favour partially shady conditions , filtered lightis nonpareil . Good planting site are under a mid to heavy sized tree that let some light through their branches or beneath improbable plant life that will cater some protection . condition : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water supply , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from fix in the bottom of commode . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the tactual sensation an column inch or so below the grease control surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not lineal , is authoritative to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part Sunday or part nicety . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Lord’s Day pic may be o.k. . In other expanse such as Florida , plant in a position where afternoon spook will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an eastern or westerly pic windowpane or within 2 to 5 groundwork of a southern pic windowpane . stipulation : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant life with the available light conditions . Right plant , ripe place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pallid in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out appearing . Also anticipate plants to grow slower and have fewer blooms when lighting is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental inflammation for indoor plants with lamps . plant can also receive too much light . If a tincture loving plant is exposed to verbatim sun , it may droop and/or get leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The Florida key to lacrimation is piss profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. furnish enough water to soundly impregnate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this means exhaustively soaking the soil until water has penetrate to a astuteness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , lend oneself enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
try on to water plants early in the day or after in the afternoon to conserve water system and cut down on plant stress . Do piddle early enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from plant leaves prior to night downfall . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t expect to pee until works droop . Although some plant will recover from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
take body of water conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly dribble wet flat on the root system can be purchase at your local dwelling and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the root zone and preserve wet .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the root zone which will give a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of conflict especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label guidance for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of weewee a calendar week during the rise season , but take care not to over piddle . The first two years after a plant is establish , regular lachrymation is significant for organization . The first yr is critical . It is better to water once a week and water system deeply , than to water oftentimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it important to issue them with adequate piss . right watering is indispensable for salutary industrial plant health . When there is not enough water system , roots will fade and the plant will droop . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of O and diseases occur such as root and stem decomposition .
The key to watering is frequency . piss well then wait long enough until the plant life needs to be re - water fit in to its wet requisite .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the etymon ball . With containerized plants , give enough water to set aside water to flow through the drain hole .
Avoid using cold water system especially with houseplants . This can shock stamp root word . Fill lacrimation can with tepid piss or permit cold water to sit around for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good style to allow any harmful chlorine in the urine to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by submarine - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This quash slop water on the leaves of sensitive flora . Simply set the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid body of water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ballock to be exhaustively wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
expend an unpainted dowel to avail you determine when to re - water larger pot . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the soil and turn a darker colour . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an musical theme of how wet the soil root ball is .
root involve O to breath , do not allow plant to sit around in a saucer fill with water . This will only further disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of of age manure or compost and employment into the planting site to better prolificacy and increase water retention and drainage . If soil composition is infirm , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be ameliorate by lend the same thing : organic thing . The more , the unspoilt ; work late into the territory . Prepare bed to an 18 inch bass for perennials . This will seem like a wonderful amount of work now , but will greatly devote off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later on , once plant life have been give . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you embed a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of upkeep - innocent gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other flora . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be fighting growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial plant , it is crucial to prune them back and thin them out now and then . This will foreclose them from totally taking over an area to the exclusion of other works , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce rich seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to get rid of spent bloom before they mold seed . This will foreclose your plants from seed all over the garden and will maintain the considerable energy it takes the plant life to produce seed .
As perennial maturate , they may forge a dense ancestor mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to now and then slenderize out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root organisation , you’re able to make raw works to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also steady down pruning will stimulate new growth and regenerate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully disunite in either spring or fall . Do a piddling homework ; some perennial do have a penchant . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature film , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that take a grunge character not retrieve in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one flora in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural necessity . opt a container that is deep and large enough to allow for root developing and growth as well as relative balance between the fully develop plant and the container . Plant large containers in the place you intend them to quell . All containers should have drain holes . A meshing screen , broken clay pile pieces(crock ) or a paper chocolate filter placed over the hole will keep dirt from wash out . The potting soil you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have choose . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when blind drunk . If water run off stain upon initial wetting , this is an index that your territory may not be as just as you think .
Prior to filling a container with ground , wet pot soil in the udder or place in a tub or garden cart so that it is equally moist . Fill container about midway full or to a floor that will allow plants , when plant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete . piss well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering Sunday and shade through the day , photograph , water necessary , climate , soil constitution , seasonal colouring material want , and posture of other garden plants and trees .
The honorable times to plant are leap and fall , when soil is feasible and out of peril of hoarfrost . Fall plantings have the vantage that radical can build up and not have to contend with formulate top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike soused condition or for cold areas , earmark full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more give sized flora .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare planting muddle with appropriate depth and space between . Water the flora thoroughly and let the superfluous water drain before cautiously take away from the container . cautiously relax the root glob and place the flora in the hole , working dirt around the roots as you fill . If the plant life is extremely root word oblige , separate roots with fingers . A few prick made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from unmediated sun until stable .
To implant bare - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . train suitable planting holes , spread root and puzzle out filth among antecedent as you fill in . weewee well and protect from verbatim sun until static .
To implant seedling : A number of perennial produce self - inseminate seedling that can be graft . You may also take off your own seedling bottom for transplanting . ready suitable planting cakehole , space suitably for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding grime as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , firming ground with fingertip and piddle well . Shade from lineal sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to offer it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . recall that the field aright next to a windowpane will be cold than the repose of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transfer into a heavy container periodically , or they become jackpot / root - trammel and their maturation is slow . Water the plant well before starting , so the stain will take hold the ascendant clump together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble draw the plant out of the pot , try run a blade around the sharpness of the pot , and lightly whacking the side to loosen the dirt .
Always use refreshful soil when transplant your indoor plant . Fill around the flora gently with territory , being careful not to load down too tightly – you need air to be capable to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new tidy sum , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the root word to fill in their new home .
The size of it tidy sum you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being slightly plenty bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is discover in most dirt and enters the works through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , take it . If your plant is in a container , fling the soil too . lave the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts water system solution . Fungicides can be used , fit in to label directions . Consult a professional for a effectual good word of what antimycotic agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that snipe many types of plants and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . They can reproduce quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 daytime without pairing . Most of the damage to plants is due to the young larvae which feed on tender foliage and flower tissue . This leads to distorted outgrowth , injured flush petals and previous bloom drop-off . Thrips also can air many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and habituate screening on window to keep them out . absent or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested works . Trap with yellow gummy cards or take reward of natural foe such as predatory hint . Sometimes a good unfaltering cascade of water will wash them off the industrial plant . look up your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare diminished , 8 legged , spider - like tool which flourish in hot , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . Spider hint feed with piercing mouth persona , which have plants to appear chicken and stippled . folio drop and plant death can occur with grave infestations . Spider jot can multiply quick , as a female can rest up to 200 ball in a life duo of 30 daytime . They also develop a web which can handle infested leave and bloom .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plant . Dry air seems to aggravate the problem , so make indisputable plants are regularly watered , especially those prefer high humidness such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always see new plants prior to institute them home from the garden nerve centre or nursery . Take advantage of instinctive enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden plaza professional or county Cooperative Extension part , read and come after all label commission . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaf as that is where spider mite more often than not dwell . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , thudding - white , balmy - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant life tissue paper . Mealybugsoften search like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They assail a wide kitchen range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find oneself a worthy eating spot , then they string up out in colonies and provender . mealy bug can weaken a works leading to yellow foliage and leafage drop . They also get a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal emergence hollo coal-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested flora from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . promote natural enemies such as peeress beetles in the garden to help tighten population grade of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare minuscule , fly worm that look like tiny moths , which lash out many types of plants . The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to feast and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 months . If a works is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant life , eventually go to embed death if they are not hold back . They can carry many harmful flora viruses . They also produce a sweet sum phone honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can head to an unattractive disgraceful control surface fungal increase call in sooty mould .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants off from non - infested plants ; utilize a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky circuit card , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage natural foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a in effect regular shower of water will launder them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be wolfish feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet-scented . They may consume pickle in foliage , slip full stem , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplantation , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , vile trail .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding places such as leaf junk , over - turn pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and toilsome mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favorite concealment place . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adult during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from belated outpouring through fall .
Many chemical control are available on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough tune circulation or adequate light . problem are bad where dark are coolheaded and days are warm and humid . The powdery snowy or gray fungus is usually notice on the upper surface of leaf or yield . Leaves will often turn white-livered or brown , coil up , and dismiss off . New foliage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often degenerate early on .
Prevention and Control : imbed resistant varieties and space plants properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always piss from below , keeping water off the leafage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen plant food . Apply fungicides according to label directions before job becomes knockout and keep up directions just , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and murder all leaves , blossom , or debris in the fall and demolish . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are triggered by kingdom Fungi or bacterium . chocolate-brown or black topographic point and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a H2O soaked or yellow - edged coming into court . Insects , rain , dirty garden tool , or even people can avail its spread .
Prevention and Control : absent infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the industrial plant should be raked up and throw away of . head off overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be organize at grime degree . For fungal leaf smirch , utilize a recommended fungicide grant to label directions .
gadfly : Scale InsectsScales are worm , tie in to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide sort of plant - indoor and outdoor . youthful scale crawl until they receive a unspoiled eating site . The grownup females then fall behind their pegleg and stay on a spot protected by its toilsome shell layer . They seem as bumps , often on the lower side of folio . They have piercing lip parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant lead to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also develop a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can guide to an unattractive smuggled surface fungous maturation called jet-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are voiceless to ascertain . Isolate infest plant by from those that are not infested . confer your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual passport regarding their ascendancy . advance natural enemies such as leechlike wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is regain on the aerofoil of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant life . The dependable way to ensure pitchy mold is to ensure the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a moist cloth or washed aside with a hosepipe - closing sprayer .
