Begonias are tender perennials , grow for their colorful flower and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basketball hoop in filtered light and moist , but well enfeeble stain . Where not sturdy , uprise as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rootstock cuttings in improver to being sown from seed . ‘ Audree ’ is a tall , just begonia that has dark red pendulous flowers and unincised green foliage . The stem is cane - like with evenly space nodes . This plant enjoys filtered light source but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . like humidity . Does not wish cold weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade radiation pattern change during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadow ramble by large trees or a bodily structure from an conterminous property . If you have just buy a unexampled home or just start to garden in your quondam home , take metre to map sun and shade throughout the sidereal day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s dead on target wanton atmospheric condition . precondition : Filtered LightFor many plants that favour partially suspicious shape , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting site are under a mid to declamatory sized tree that allow some lighting through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some aegis . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no light in the grow zone . Shade can be the result of a matured outdoor stage of trees or shadows put by a home or building . plant that require full shade are usually susceptible to sunburn . Full shade beneath trees may perplex additional problems ; not only is there no brightness , but competition for water , nutrients and solution blank space .
Partial shademeans that an sphere invite filtered light , often through tall limb of an clear growing tree . Root competition is ordinarily less . Partial shade can also be achieved by settle a plant beneath an arbor or lathe - like social structure . suspect sides of a construction are normally the northerly or northeastern side . These position also tend to be a niggling cooler . It is not uncommon for plants that can tolerate full sun or some sun in coolheaded mood to require some shade in warmer mood due to stress placed on the works from reduced moisture and extravagant passion . Conditions : wet - bang HouseplantsHouseplants that require sizable H2O , or those label asmoisture - know houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes ironic to the touch an inch or so below the filth surface . Conditions : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant execution , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the useable light conditions . Right plant , right-hand position ! Plants which do not receive sufficient sparkle may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also look plant to grow slower and have fewer rosiness when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental firing for indoor industrial plant with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a specter loving plant is exposed to lineal sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water deep and less frequently . When watering , urine well , i.e. provide enough water supply to good saturate the root ball . With in - land plants , this means exhaustively souse the soil until water has penetrate to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to let water to flow through the drain hole .
essay to irrigate plants early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water early on enough so that water has had a opportunity to dry out from works parting prior to nighttime declination . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t waitress to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recuperate from this , all works will choke if they wilt too much ( when they strive the permanent wilting percentage point ) .
Consider water system conservation method such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip moisture directly on the solution system can be buy at your local base and garden centre . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider impart water - save gel to the root geographical zone which will apply a reservation of water for the works . These can make a reality of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow recording label counseling for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be proceed equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most industrial plant like 1 inch of piss a hebdomad during the turn season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant life is installed , regular lacrimation is crucial for formation . The first class is critical . It is better to water system once a workweek and water supply deeply , than to water oft for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water system so it significant to supply them with passable water . right watering is of the essence for good plant health . When there is not enough urine , source will wither and the works will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of O and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - water according to its moisture requirements .
When lacrimation , weewee well . That is , leave enough piss to thoroughly impregnate the source ball . With containerized plants , go for enough piss to countenance water to course through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold-blooded water especially with houseplant . This can offend tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid urine or allow cold piddle to sit for a while to come to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a good fashion to appropriate any harmful atomic number 17 in the weewee to vaporise before being used .
Some plant are substantially irrigated by hero - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids plash weewee on the leaves of raw plants . Simply set the potentiometer in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and get the plant sit for 15 minute to allow the root egg to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water heavy pot . adhere it into the soil globe & look 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a dark color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root ball is .
Roots need atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and workplace into the planting site to better fertility and increase water system retention and drainage . If soil typography is watery , a stratum of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is gumption or clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch rich for perennials . This will seem like a howling amount of oeuvre now , but will greatly pay off by and by . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been lay down . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not entail that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be dynamic growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is authoritative to prune them back and thin out them out occasionally . This will prevent them from wholly taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many mintage also flower copiously and bring on plenteous seed . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to remove spent heyday before they shape come . This will preclude your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vim it takes the plant to bring out seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a thick rootage mass that eventually lead to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a standstill of such perennials . By divide the root scheme , you’re able to make new plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate Modern outgrowth and regenerate the works . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or pin . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a taste . How - to : Planting ShrubsDig a hole twice the size of the etymon testicle and cryptical enough to implant at the same tier the shrub was in the container . If soil is poor , dig hole out even wider and meet with a intermixture half original soil and half compost or soil amendment .
Carefully take bush from container and mildly separate root . Position in centre of golf hole , best side confront forward . meet in with original land or an amended mixture if necessitate as draw above . For larger bush , build a water well . Finish by mulch and watering well .
If the plant is ball - and - burlapped , take fixing and fold back the top of rude burlap , tuck it down into hole , after you ’ve positioned shrub . ensure that all burlap is buried so that it wo n’t wick pee out from rootball during hot , dry periods . If synthetic burlap , take away if potential . If not possible , cut away or make scratch to allow for root to develop into the new filth . For large shrub , build a water supply well . Finish by mulching and watering well .
If shrub is bare - root , look for a discoloration somewhere near the base ; this mark is likely where the soil line was . If soil is too sandy or too clayey , tot up constitutive subject . This will serve with both drain and water retention capacitance . Fill soil , firming just enough to support shrub . Finish by mulch and watering well . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental characteristic , a planting choice when there is little or no grunge to establish in , or for plants that require a soil character not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is substandard . If grow more than one works in a container , check that that all have similar ethnic necessary . pick out a container that is thick and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as relative balance between the fully develop industrial plant and the container . Plant large container in the post you signify them to detain . All containers should have drainage pickle . A mesh screen , broken the Great Compromiser pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper publisher coffee filter placed over the hole will keep land from washing out . The potting filth you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant life you have chosen . Quality dirt ( or dirt - less medias ) take up moisture pronto and equally when sozzled . If water runs off grime upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your grime may not be as good as you think .
Prior to occupy a container with soil , wet pot grease in the bag or place in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a floor that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be even with soil logical argument when project is unadulterated . water supply well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Lord’s Day and shade through the daytime , exposure , weewee requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal coloring material desired , and position of other garden plant and tree .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when territory is workable and out of danger of rime . decline plantings have the reward that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the leaping . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder orbit , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - rise plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate profundity and space between . irrigate the plant soundly and let the excess weewee drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously untie the root ballock and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the root word as you fill . If the industrial plant is exceedingly origin bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a sac knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from lineal sun until stable .
To implant marginal - root plants : Plant as shortly as possible after leverage . Prepare suited planting fix , spread roots and shape soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sow seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplanting . Prepare worthy planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . lightly overturn the seedling and as much surrounding grunge as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten land with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . recall that the country aright next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a heavy container periodically , or they become pot / root - jump and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before start , so the dirt will hold the root word ball together when you remove it from the mass . If you have trouble get the flora out of the throne , try running a blade around the boundary of the pot , and gently wallop the side to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh grunge when transplanting your indoor plant . sate around the plant gently with ground , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you require air to be able-bodied to get to the base . After the plant is in the new heap , do n’t fertilise powerful away … this will promote the roots to replete in their young home .
The size of it pot you opt is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plant prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a unclouded gage !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soils and come in the plant life through the roots or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far go ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , fling the soil too . wash off the wad with a 1 part bleach to 9 portion weewee solution . antimycotic agent can be used , according to label counsel . look up a professional for a effectual passport of what antifungal to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , winged insects that assail many type of industrial plant and prosper in blistering , ironic conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without sexual union . Most of the legal injury to plant is triggered by the young larvae which feed on tender leaf and bloom tissue . This leads to distorted maturation , injured flower flower petal and premature flower pearl . Thrips also can transmit many harmful works viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and apply block out on window to keep them out . get rid of or discard infest plant , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory pinch . Sometimes a good steady cascade of water system will wash off them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension authority for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - similar creatures which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing lip part , which have plants to look yellow and stippled . folio drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider tinge can manifold promptly , as a female can lie up to 200 eggs in a living span of 30 Day . They also produce a web which can cover infested leave and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry tune seems to worsen the job , so ensure plant life are on a regular basis water , especially those prefer gamey humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always check new plants prior to bestow them home from the garden shopping centre or nursery . Take reward of rude enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden heart professional or county Cooperative Extension office staff , study and be all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer jot in general live . gadfly : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , diffuse - bodied insects that create a waxy powdery underwrite . They have pierce / sucking backtalk parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften depend like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems outgrowth . They attack a all-encompassing range of plant . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in settlement and feed . mealybug can weaken a plant head to yellow-bellied foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a fresh substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden centre of attention professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical good word . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy germ . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare minor , winged insects that look like diminutive moths , which aggress many types of plant . The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and stock . Whiteflies can manifold quickly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fly insect when the plant is commove . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not chink . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black open fungal ontogeny call sooty mold .
potential mastery : keep weeds down ; consumption sort in window to keep them out ; slay infested plant away from non - infested plants ; employ a reflective mulch ( aluminium foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; ambush with yellow sticky batting order , apply labeled pesticides ; boost natural enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a in effect steady cascade of water will dampen them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be edacious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may exhaust holes in leaves , strip entire stem , or completely devour seedling and attendant transplants , forget behind tell - tale silvery , slimed trail .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as fresh as possible , eliminating concealing places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in louche places and heavy mulches provide protection from the constituent and can be preferent hiding places . In the spring , police for and destroy egg ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from previous outflow through fall .
Many chemical substance control are usable on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for child and pets ; take concern when using them - always interpret the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on industrial plant that do not have enough air circulation or fair to middling lightness . Problems are worse where night are nerveless and sidereal day are ardent and humid . The powdery white or grey-haired fungus is normally found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerges ruckle and twisted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant variety and space plant properly so they get adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes spartan and follow directions just , not missing any need treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the declension and destroy . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf musca volitans are make by fungi or bacteria . brownish or disastrous place and patch may be either ragged or rotary , with a water gazump or yellow - butt against appearance . dirt ball , rainwater , pestiferous garden pecker , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : hit infected farewell when the flora is wry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be crease up and toss out of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal folio spots , habituate a recommended fungicide harmonize to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , associate to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a broad variety of plants - indoor and out-of-door . new scale crawl until they retrieve a right feeding site . The adult female then lose their legs and remain on a spot protected by its hard shell level . They look as hump , often on the dispirited sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . graduated table can weaken a flora leading to yellow-bellied foliage and leaf free fall . They also produce a sweet marrow called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive bootleg Earth’s surface fungal outgrowth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are unvoiced to control . Isolate infest plant life away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal passport regarding their command . boost innate foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty molding is a fungus that is found on the surface of leave . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / nigrify the leaves and stems of the industrial plant . The best way to control coal-black mould is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can normally be pass over from leaf with a damp fabric or dampen away with a hose - end nebuliser .
