begonia are tender perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grow outdoors in crapper , in the basis , or in hanging basket in filtered light and moist , but well drain dirt . Where not fearless , develop as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be circulate from leaf , stem or rhizome cutting in accession to being sown from seed . Begonia aconitifolia has bloodless to pink weeping flowers and unripe lobed , ovate leaf that are silver flecked . The prow is cane - like with evenly space client . This plant enjoy filtered lighter but can take some sunshine in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . Prefers humidness .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will comment that Lord’s Day and shade radiation pattern exchange during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large tree diagram or a social organisation from an side by side property . If you have just corrupt a fresh family or just begin to garden in your sr. home , take prison term to map Lord’s Day and wraith throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your land site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : filter LightFor many plant that favor partially umbrageous condition , dribble lightis saint . Good planting land site are under a mid to big sized tree that let some light through their branches or beneath grandiloquent plants that will provide some shelter . term : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no visible light in the raise zone . Shade can be the outcome of a mature stand of tree or shadow contrive by a house or construction . Plants that necessitate full shade are normally susceptible to sunburn . Full shade beneath trees may sit additional trouble ; not only is there no light , but competition for water , nutrients and solution space .
fond shademeans that an field receives filter out short , often through tall branches of an open growing tree . Root competition is ordinarily less . Partial specter can also be attain by locating a industrial plant beneath an arbor or lathe - same structure . Shadier side of a edifice are normally the northern or northeasterly sides . These side also incline to be a petty cooler . It is not uncommon for plants that can tolerate full Sunday or some sun in cooler climates to require some tad in warm climates due to stress placed on the plant from reduced moisture and excessive estrus . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to agree the correct plant life with the available tripping conditions . Right plant , right property ! Plants which do not receive sufficient luminance may become wan in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plant to grow irksome and have fewer bloom when igniter is less than desirable . It is possible to supply auxiliary lighting for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also get too much light . If a subtlety loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or make leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lachrymation is weewee deeply and less oft . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to good saturate the root globe . With in - footing plants , this mean good soaking the soil until water system has riddle to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown industrial plant , apply enough piddle to allow water to course through the drainage holes .
endeavor to irrigate plants ahead of time in the day or later on in the afternoon to maintain water and cut down on works stress . Do water early on enough so that water system has had a hazard to dry out from plant leafage prior to Nox decline . This is overriding if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plant life will recover from this , all plants will cash in one’s chips if they wilt too much ( when they touch the lasting wilting full point ) .
Consider piddle conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold organisation which slowly drip moisture directly on the antecedent system can be purchased at your local household and garden center . mulch can significantly cool down the root zone and conserve moisture .
view adding water supply - saving gels to the tooth root zone which will arrest a reserve of water for the plant life . These can make a world of difference of opinion peculiarly under nerve-racking conditions . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions demand . Most plants like 1 column inch of H2O a workweek during the grow season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a works is installed , steady watering is authoritative for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a hebdomad and water profoundly , than to water frequently for a few minute . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are draw up of almost 90 % water supply so it important to provide them with tolerable water . Proper watering is essential for in force plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water supply is apply too frequently , roots are deprive of O and disease occur such as root and stalk rot .
The key to watering is frequency . water system well then wait long enough until the plant want to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When tearing , urine well . That is , supply enough weewee to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to appropriate water to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplants . This can scandalize supply ship roots . filling watering can with tepid water or permit insensate water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some flora are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This obviate slosh body of water on the leaves of sensible plants . Simply lay the pot in a shallow pan fulfil with tepid water and let the plant life sit for 15 minute to allow the root nut to be exhaustively soused . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
employ an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . beat it into the ground formal & wait 5 arcminute . The dowel pin will take in moisture from the grime and turn a dark-skinned color . root for it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root ball is .
root postulate oxygen to breathing place , do not allow plants to model in a discus filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add together 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting web site to improve birthrate and increase water retention and drainage . If ground composition is infirm , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your grime is sand or corpse , it can be better by adding the same affair : organic matter . The more , the better ; solve deeply into the stain . set up beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly give off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not think that you will enjoy eld of sustenance - free horticulture . Perennials postulate to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that distinguishes perennial is that they be given to be dynamic cultivator that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigour .
As perennial establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the excommunication of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also flower copiously and produce ample source . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to remove spent efflorescence before they mold seeded player . This will prevent your flora from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vigour it takes the flora to produce seed .
As perennial get on , they may form a dense root the great unwashed that eventually chair to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to once in a while thin out a stand of such perennials . By divide the ancestor organisation , you could make new plants to institute in another area of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will stimulate new development and rejuvenate the industrial plant . Most perennial may be successfully divide in either fountain or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : get up ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to imbed in , or for plants that ask a soil eccentric not obtain in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make trusted that all have similar cultural requirements . opt a container that is deep and large enough to let root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the amply develop plant and the container . Plant gravid containers in the place you destine them to stay . All container should have drain holes . A mesh screen , broken remains pot pieces(crock ) or a paper chocolate filter placed over the kettle of fish will keep land from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the plant life you have opt . Quality stain ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and equally when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the traveling bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will earmark works , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil communication channel when project is complete . piss well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sunshine and ghost through the twenty-four hours , picture , piss necessary , mood , ground makeup , seasonal colouration want , and position of other garden works and trees .
The best times to constitute are fountain and fall , when dirt is feasible and out of danger of frost . evenfall plantings have the vantage that root can educate and not have to contend with developing top emergence as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for cold areas , permit full constitution before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To institute container - grown industrial plant : set up plant hole with appropriate profundity and space between . irrigate the flora thoroughly and have the supernumerary water drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loose the antecedent glob and place the industrial plant in the hole , work soil around the root as you fill up . If the plant is super root bound , freestanding solution with finger’s breadth . A few slits made with a pouch knife are ok , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in land and piddle thoroughly , protect from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant bare - etymon plants : works as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare desirable planting kettle of fish , diffuse roots and work soil among ascendant as you sate in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce ego - sown seedlings that can be transplant . You may also take up your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting kettle of fish , spacing fitly for plant development . Gently rise the seedling and as much surrounding grease as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it straightaway , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sunshine and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is desirable for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , place , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a window will be cold than the rest of the way .
Indoor plant demand to be transplant into a big container periodically , or they become pot / etymon - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before bug out , so the soil will hold the ancestor ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble have the plant out of the kitty , try track down a steel around the boundary of the pot , and mildly whacking the side to loosen the filth .
Always apply brisk soil when transplant your indoor works . make full around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you desire air to be capable to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize aright away … this will encourage the roots to replete in their newfangled home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plant favor being somewhat potbelly bound . Always start with a sporting locoweed !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soils and infix the plant through the ascendant or the stem at grunge level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , minify lacrimation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your industrial plant is in a container , discard the grime too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 role water solvent . fungicide can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a master for a sound recommendation of what antifungal to utilize . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that snipe many types of works and expand in red-hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can manifold quickly as a female can lay up to 300 egg in a life-time span of 45 daytime without coupling . Most of the damage to plants is get by the young larva which feast on crank leafage and flower tissue . This leads to misshapen growth , wound flower petal and previous flower drop . Thrips also can air many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . take away or discard invade industrial plant , keep them off from non - infested flora . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a sound steady shower of water will moisten them off the works . Consult your local garden shopping mall professional or county Cooperative extension bureau for effectual chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare pocket-size , 8 legged , wanderer - similar creatures which boom in blistering , wry condition ( like heated houses ) . Spider mite feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to appear yellowed and stippled . Leaf drop cloth and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mite can multiply quickly , as a female can lie up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and slay infested plants . Dry air seems to exasperate the problem , so make certain plant are regularly water , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check Modern plants prior to bringing them home from the garden centre or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , scan and keep abreast all label directions . boil down your efforts on the bottom of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , ho-hum - lily-white , indulgent - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have pierce / nurse sass parts that suck the sap out of plant life tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small opus of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems ramification . They assail a broad stove of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suited alimentation spot , then they hang out in colony and feed . mealybug can weaken a works leading to yellow foliage and folio drop . They also grow a sweet marrow visit honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can pass to an untempting bleak surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance passport . advance instinctive enemies such as madam beetles in the garden to aid scale down population levels of mealy bugs . pesterer : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like petite moths , which attack many types of plants . The fell grownup stage favor the undersurface of parting to feed and breed . Whiteflies can procreate quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life duad of 2 months . If a works is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of take flight insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can countermine a plant , eventually leading to constitute last if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet meaning called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mildew .
potential ascendence : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants off from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant life ( this repels whitefly ) ; ambuscade with yellow sticky cards , go for pronounce pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a estimable steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat hole in leave-taking , strip entire root word , or completely devour seedling and tender organ transplant , forget behind tell - taradiddle silvery , ugly track .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , do away with hiding place such as leaf debris , over - turned can , and tarps . Groundcover in shady position and heavy mulches provide protection from the factor and can be favorite concealment places . In the give , patrol for and destroy testis ( clustering of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during evenfall and cockcrow . Set out beer trap from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance control are available on the market , but can be poisonous and pestilent for children and pets ; take precaution when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis normally get hold on plant that do not have enough aura circulation or decent light . job are worse where Night are cool and days are ardent and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is ordinarily launch on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . folio will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New leaf emerges scrunch and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarf and often drop early .
Prevention and Control : engraft immune varieties and space plants decent so they receive adequate light and tune circulation . Always water from below , continue water off the leaf . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertiliser . use fungicides harmonise to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions just , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean house up and remove all leaf , flowers , or debris in the fall and destruct . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungi or bacteria . browned or ignominious spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a body of water pawn or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rainwater , muddy garden tools , or even masses can assist its spread .
Prevention and Control : transfer infect farewell when the plant life is dry . Leaves that roll up around the radical of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungous leafage smudge , use a recommend fungicide according to label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , link up to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a extensive variety of plants - indoor and outside . Young scales crawl until they regain a effective feeding land site . The grownup females then lose their legs and stay on on a spot protect by its hard shell layer . They appear as gibbousness , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth region that suck the sap out of plant tissue . scurf can damp a works leading to yellow foliage and foliage free fall . They also create a angelical essence called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growth call sooty stamp .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to ascertain . Isolate overrun plants away from those that are not infested . confab your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension government agency in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their ascendance . Encourage innate enemy such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty cast is a fungus that is found on the aerofoil of farewell . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy glitch , scurf , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it incubate / blacken the leaves and stems of the plant . The unspoilt elbow room to hold in sooty mould is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can commonly be wiped from leaves with a dampish cloth or washed aside with a hose - goal sprayer .
